Description
As background to the development of this revised publication; concerns had been expressed, by OCIMF member companies and others, about an increase in the number of incidents involving anchor losses, windlass motor failures and associated personnel injuries. A review of third party anchoring incidents by an OCIMF member highlighted the following various issues. As a result of the review, it was agreed to revise and update the information contained in the original 1982 publication to assist in promulgating the lessons learnt from incidents, to provide improved information on anchoring practices and to recognise advances made in anchor systems in the intervening years. In particular, this publication highlights the design capabilities and limitations of anchoring systems and equipment with the aim of enhancing the safety of operations.The scope of this publication addresses anchoring systems and procedures that are applicable to all vessel types, irrespective of their size.ContentList of FiguresList of TablesGlossary of Terms and AbbreviationsBibliographySection1Purpose and ScopeSection 2Issues Associated with Anchoring Systems and ProceduresSection 3General Description of Anchoring Systems3.1 Anchoring System3.1.1 Basic Equipment Arrangement3.1.2 Safety Aspects3.1.3 Limitations of the Anchoring System3.2 Anchors3.3 Chain Cable3.4 Hawse Pipe3.5 Anchor Lashing3.6 Chain Stopper3.7 Windlass3.7.1 General3.7.2 Cable Lifter3.7.3 Windlass Gears and Clutches3.7.4 Stripper Bar3.7.5 Windlass Brake Systems3.7.5.1 Band Brake3.7.5.2 Disc Brake3.7.5.3 Brake Drum and Disc Material3.7.5.4 Hydraulically Assisted Brakes3.8 Drive Units3.8.1 High Pressure Hydraulic Systems3.8.1.1 Protection Against Catastrophic Failure3.8.2 Low Pressure Hydraulic Systems3.8.3 Electric Systems3.8.3.1 Frequency Controlled3.8.3.2 Pole Changing3.8.4 Steam3.9 Windlass Control Systems3.9.1 Remote Control3.9.2 Chain Counters3.10 Spurling Pipe and Chain LockerSection 4Design Considerations4.1 Design Standard4.2 Design Philosophy of Anchoring Equipment4.3 Environmental Forces Acting on a Ship at Anchor4.4 Anchors4.4.1 Anchor Construction4.4.2 Types of Anchor and Stowage4.4.3 Holding Power of Anchors4.5 Chain Cable4.5.1 Length of Chain Cable4.5.2 Material4.5.3 Cable Strength4.5.4 Bitter End4.6 Chain Stopper4.7 Windlass4.7.1 Drive Units for Windlasses4.8 Testing of Anchor Equipment and Systems4.8.1 Anchor4.8.2 Chain Cable4.8.3 Windlass4.8.4 Sea Trials4.9 Interface Between Ship Structure and Anchoring Equipment4.10 Arrangement of Equipment4.10.1 Anchor Stowage and Hawse Pipe4.10.2 Chain Lockers and Spurling Pipes4.10.3 Access, Safety and Security4.11 Additional Equipment4.11.1 Cable Tension Monitoring System4.11.2 Chain Counters and Speed Measurement4.11.3 Remote Control Options4.11.4 CCTV Monitoring SystemsSection 5Operational Procedures5.1 Anchoring Procedures5.1.1 General5.1.2 Preparation for Anchoring5.1.3 Methods of Anchoring5.1.4 Commonly Used Anchoring Procedures5.1.5 Conventional Buoy Moorings5.2 Maintaining an Anchor Watch5.2.1 Watchkeeping Responsibilities5.2.2 Securing the Cable at Anchor5.3 Getting Underway5.3.1 Avoiding Damage to the Anchor System5.3.2 Emergency Recovery of Anchor and Cable5.4 Use of Anchors in an EmergencySection 6Maintenance Issues6.1 Routine Maintenance6.1.1 Inspection6.1.2 Lubrication6.1.3 Flexible Hoses6.1.4 Windlass Components6.1.5 Windlass Drum Brakes6.1.6 Chain Stopper6.1.7 Chain Cable6.2 Surveys and Inspections During Refit6.2.1 Class Survey Procedures6.2.2 Ranging and Inspection of Cable6.2.3 Kenter Shackle6.2.4 ‘D’ Shackle6.2.5 Anchor Swivels6.2.6 Anchors6.2.7 BrakesAppendicesA An Example of Typical Planned Maintenance ActivitiesB An Example of Typical Refit Inspection, Survey and Maintenance ActivitiesC Example Certification for Anchor Chain Cable and Chain Cable FittingsDetailsTitle: Anchoring Systems and ProceduresNumber of Pages: 86Product Code: WS1256KISBN: ISBN 13: 978-1-85609-404-7 (9781856094047), ISBN 10: 1-85609-404-9 (1856094049)Published Date: October 2010Binding Format: HardbackBook Height: 304 mmBook Width: 214 mmBook Spine: 9 mmWeight: 0.70 kgAuthor: Oil Companies International Marine Forum
